Potato virus Y

About potato virus Y

(PVY) potato virus Y is a virus of the family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus. It affects potatoes in two ways, reducing yield of the tubers and also compromising tuber quality. Some strains of PVY are also a concern for other solanaceous crops, such as pepper, tomato, tobacco and others. In the field, PVY exists as a complex of several strains, which may have different symptoms in different potato cultivars.

• Vector — PVY is transmitted from infected plants to healthy ones by multiple species of aphids. Aphids are insects that are commonly found in and around the fields, feeding on plant sap. While feeding and moving between plants, they can transfer PVY, which attaches to stylet of the insect and can be moved to a healthy plant.
• Symptoms  — The most common symptoms of PVY in foliage are mosaic, crinkling, leaf deformations, and sometimes stunting and local or systemic necrosis. The most concerning is the increasing prevalence of tuber necrotic strains, which cause formation of raised necrotic rings on the surface of tubers of susceptible cultivars, called potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD).
• Management  — Currently, management of PVY relies on exclusion or limiting of virus inoculum through certification of potato seed lots, the use of virus-resistant cultivars and restricting aphid transmission through the use of crop oil spraying in the fields during the growing season.

Informational videos

These informational videos are relevant to potato breeding and PVY testing.

• Steps in developing a new potato variety: Part I
• Steps in developing a new potato variety: Part II
• Developing clean breeder seed
• PVY testing
• Monitoring insects with bucket traps (video). Learn how to set up a bucket trap for monitoring flying insects. This method allows farmers, gardeners or other pest managers to learn more about insects entering their crops. The method works by filling a bucket with water, which traps insects. Insects are then observed to learn about their movement in and out of fields. This method helps growers like seed potato farmers learn about potential pathogens entering their field. Learn about equipment needed to use this method and tips for troubleshooting.

Resources

• Management of potato virus Y (PVY) in Wisconsin seed potato production, Bulletin A3951 (pdf) 
  Potato Virus Y is an aphid-transmitted virus that causes disease in numerous solanaceous crops including tomato, pepper, tobacco and potato.
• Portable test kits for diagnosing potato diseases, Bulletin 883. Misdiagnosing a potato disease can be very costly if unnecessary fungicide applications or other control measures are implemented.
• Potato virus Y and organic potatoes in western Washington, Bulletin FS312E. Specialty potatoes at the rural/urban interface in western Washington frequently are grown organically on small farms and in home gardens that sometimes adjoin commercial potato fields.
• Necrotic potato tuber symptoms caused by strains of potato virus Y, BUL 1086. Learn more about how and why PVY can cause necrotic tuber symptoms.