Report No. 14
Idaho Water Quality Policy for Nonpoint Source Pollution: A Manual for Decision-Makers
Executive Summary
(Part 8)

APPENDIX
Table of Contents--Full Report

• Executive Summary
  (as in this document, but without imbedded tables and figures)
• Chapter 1. What does the Clean Water Act require?
  • 1.1. What are the goals of the CWA?
  • 1.2. What is the difference between point sources and nonpoint sources of pollution?
    How is point source pollution controlled?
    How is nonpoint source pollution controlled?
    
  • 1.3. How has the CWA evolved?
    The Water Quality Act Amendments of 1987 and section 319
    How is the Coastal Zone Management Act reauthorization in 1990 related to the CWA?
    Why did the EPA adopt a "watershed protection" approach in 1991?
    Why did Congress fail to reauthorize the CWA in 1993-1996?
    
  • 1.4. What are the federal and state responsibilities for nonpoint source control?
    Who pays for nonpoint source control programs?
    
  • 1.5. What mechanisms are required to meet CWA goals?
    • 1.5.1. What is the "water quality-based" approach to pollution control?
    • 1.5.2. What are water quality standards?
      Who sets water quality standards?
      What is a designated beneficial use?
      What are "criteria" in water quality standards?
      Why are water quality standards important?
    • 1.5.3. What is the antidegradation policy?
      What does the antidegradation policy require?
      Why is antidegradation controversial?
      What are "outstanding national resource waters" (ONRWs)?
      What are the consequences of violating the antidegradation policy?
    • 1.5.4. What assessments are required?
      Section 305(b) report
      Section 319 report
      Section 303(d) report
    • 1.5.5. What is the "total maximum daily load" (TMDL) process?
      Where is a TMDL required?
      When is a TMDL required?
      How are TMDLs developed?
      How is the TMDL process linked to pollution control mechanisms?
      Analysis: What are the potential benefits and disadvantages of the TMDL process?
    • 1.5.6. What are best management practices (BMPs)?
      What are some examples of BMPs?
      Agricultural BMPs
      Forestry BMPs
      
    • 1.5.7. Why is monitoring important?
      What are some objectives for a monitoring program?
      What monitoring approach is likely to be effective for sediment?
      What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of monitoring BMPs as compared to monitoring quantities of sediment?
      What can monitoring biological characteristics reveal?
      What about the "cumulative effects" problem?
      Analysis: What are the potential benefits and disadvantages of monitoring approaches?
    • 1.5.8. What nonpoint source pollution control strategies are there?
      Agricultural programs
      • Incentives, barriers, and regulation
      • Iowa policy analysis
      • Wisconsin and "bad actors"
      • Texas dairy regulation
      • Arizona's mandatory BMPs
      • Florida's targeted approach
      • U.S. Department of Agriculture programs

      Forestry programs
      Analysis: What are the potential benefits and disadvantages of regulatory and nonregulatory approaches?

  • 1.5.9. How do TMDLs, antidegradation policy, and BMPs function in the evolution toward watershed management?
    What is the relationship of TMDLs and BMPs?
    Where is watershed management headed?
    How does the antidegradation policy fit in?
• 1.6. How is the Clean Water Act related to other policies?
  • 1.6.1. What is the relationship of the CWA and the Endangered Species Act (ESA)?
  • 1.6.2. What are federal land and resource management agencies required to do to conform to Idaho state law?